Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors and the extent of their
effects on the effectiveness of online learning in Bangladesh during the
COVID 19 pandemic. Moreover, this study intends to examine the mediating
role of students’ online learning motivation by observing and comparing
information and communication technology infrastructure, competencies
in information and communication technology, and students-teachers interaction as predictors of students’ online learning motivation and effectiveness
of online learning. Following the positivism research paradigm
and cross-sectional design, the researchers adopt a quantitative approach
using the survey method through a structured questionnaire covering 408
responses of undergraduate and graduate students from more than 23 public
and private universities in Bangladesh. The 6-point Likert scale was used
to measure the extent of effects of competencies in information and communication
technology, competencies in information and communication
technology, students-teachers interaction, and online learning motivation
on the effectiveness of online learning using partial least squares based
structural equation modeling. This study investigates three exogenous, one
endogenous, and a mediating factor. This study finds significant effects of
independent variables on effectiveness of online learning and a significant
mediating role of online learning motivation between the independent variables
and effectiveness of online learning apart from the direct effects of
information and communication technology infrastructure on online learning
motivation and competencies in information and communication technology
on effectiveness of online learning. In addition, this study finds nonsignificant
direct effects of competencies in information,