Studies of the effects of Solanum sismbriifolium leaf on brine shrimp and different animal models

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic, neurophrmacological, anti -diarrheal and cytotoxic activity of the crude ethanolic leaf extract of Solanum sisymbriifolium and its n- hex ane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and aqueous fractions. Methods: The ethanolic extract was used to evaluate analgesic, neurophrmacological, and anti- diarrheal activities. The analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid induced writhing test. The neurophrmacological activity was evaluated by hole cross, hole boa rd and elevated plus- maze test and the anti-diarrheal activity was assessed by castor oil induced anti-diarrheal activity test. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was carried out for assessing the cytotoxicy of the crude extract and its various fractions. Dat a were analyzed by using SPSS. Results: The extract showed highly significant (p <0.001) analgesic activity with % inhibitions of writhing response at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg were 33.72% and 94.40% respectively. The extract at low to medium dose showed significant ( p <0.05) sedative effect while significant (p <0.05) CNS stimulatory effect was showed at higher doses in hole cross test. In hole board test, the extract showed highly significant ( p <0.001) anxiolytic activity but result of elevated plus maze test was not statistically significant. The extract showed highly significant (p <0.001) anti-diarrheal activity. In brine shrimp lethality test, among the fractions chloroform fraction showed hi ghest cytotoxic activity with LC 50 value 13.97  g/ml. Conclusion: The results of the study clearly indicate the present of analgesic, neuropharmacological, anti-diarrheal and cytotoxic properties of the extract and its fractions.