Behavioral and Biological Risk Factor Determination of Non-Communicable Disease in Male Persons of Dhaka

Abstract

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) creates a new frontier for health professionals globally. Increase in NCD prevalence and death rates can be accounted for by emerging NCD epidemics in developing countries. Bangladesh has been facing a dual burden of existing infectious diseases and escalating rise of NCDs. The aim of the study was to determine the distribution of the risk factors of NCDs, prevalence of NCDs also the study was also done to determine the knowledge or awareness of the population about the risk factors. A total of 310 Male respondents of different spheres of life participated in the study. They responded to structured questionnaires which was setup by following STEPS guideline. Around 23.23% hypertension, 6.45% diabetes mellitus were found to have current medical conditions among the respondents. Within the study population family history of smoking (46.77%) and smokeless (12.56%) tobacco use, hypertension (33.88%), and 26.45% diabetes mellitus (26.45%) were prominent. The major concerning issue was 24.52% of the people having Hypertension 1 and 3.87% had hypertension 2. Of the study population 6.45% were having obese waist circumference which indicates one of the biological risk factor that was alarming including 0.65% had higher risk of obesity. On the other hand 26.45% of the study population were overweight and 2.90% were obese already. Of the study population 45.16% never done physical activity and a majority of the population spent their time by sitting and through sleeping. Regarding the vegetables and fruit intake19.68% and 13.87% and 65.48% respondents takes meal outside. Minority of the respondents added salt or salty sauce in the food but a majority ate processed food high in salt content. Within the study 46% of the respondents used tobacco. The majority of the respondents had knowledge about tobacco use, excess salt intake, physical inactivity and obesity with associated health problems. According to the questionnaire whether they were advised by doctor’s to modify their lifestyle or behavioral factors majority portion of the respondents answered in a positive manner. But result showed their lack of willingness. It was seen that major portion of the population were suffering from one risk factor at least and some of them were having more than one risk factor which was alarming. At this point, promoting health awareness programs and increasing awareness about guidelines related to the risk factors of NCDs things might provide a good solution.