Study on Incidence of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) in Patient Undergone CT Angiography in a Hospital of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Abstract

Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common hospital acquired acute kidney injury. It has been shown from different studies that this condition have dramatically increased in recent years. Intravenous contrast is used in Computed Tomography to help highlight blood vessels and to enhance the tissue structure of various organs such as the brain, spine, liver and kidneys. It is used in Computed Tomography Angiography. With the rise of the use of intravenous iodinated contrast media for both computed tomography scan and angiographic studies, there is a greater likelihood of adverse effects. One of the most well-known adverse effects of contrast is contrast induced nephropathy (CIN). CIN is defined as an absolute (>0.5 mg/dl) or relative (25%) increase in serum creatinine (SCr) within 48-72 hours after administration of iodinated contrast medium. The objective of this study is to determine the CIN among patients those are treated with contrast media before undergoing CT angiography. Twenty eight patients were enrolled in the outer patient clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. All the patients were administered IV iodinated contrast before the process of angiography. The serum creatinine level were measured before the administration of contrast. The average serum creatinine level at 0 hour is 0.9427±0.2348 mg/dl and 48hours of contrast administration is 0.9900±0.2451 mg/dl. There is no significant difference (p = 0.4763) between the creatinine level before (0 hr) and after (48 h) administration of contrast. This study shows that acute kidney injury is not found in these patients who were undergone CT angiography.