Study on Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activity of Methanol Extract of Dracaena Spicata

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Dracaena spicata of the family Asparagaceae.Dracaena spicata has been used as a medicinal plant for the general promotion of health and longevity by Asian tribal. It is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment ofvarious diseases like cough, syphilis, conjunctivitis, constipation, boils, eczema, scabies, septic abscess, itching and skin allergy, burns, chicken pox, warts and leucoderma, fungal and bacterial infections, including healing cuts and wounds has been documented by randomly interviewing Chakma, Marma and Tanchunga tribes of the hill tracts districts of Bangladesh since 1995.TheantimicrobialactivitiesofmethalonicextractofDracaenaspicataplantweretested againstthegram-positive(Bacillus sereus, Bacillus megaterium,Staphylococcus aureaus) andgram-negativebacterial(Pseudomonas aureaus,Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Vibrio mimicus, Sheigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli) strainsbyobservingthezoneofinhibition.Theantimicrobialtestwasperformedbydiscdiffus ionmethod.ThecrudemethanolextractofDracaenaspicata plant showedmoderate to strong (9mm-30mm) antimicrobial activitiesagainst themicroorganisms. ButmethanolextractofDracaenaspicatashowedstrong activityagainstPseudomonasaureaus (30mm) and the lowest activity was found against Bacillusmegaterium (9mm). However, no activity was found againstSalmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureaus, Escherichia coli, Sheigella dysenteriae. The cytotoxic activity of the plant was done by using Artemia saline Leach. The LC50 was observed approximately as 46.4729 μg /mL with a R2 value of 0.772. Cytotoxicity of methanolic extract of Dracaena spicata was low to moderate. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation