In vivo and in vitro evaluation of pharmacological activities of Solanum sisymbriifolium fruit extract

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the possible in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic and in vivo antidiarrheal, analgesic, cytotoxic and CNS depressant and anxiolytic activities of Solanum sisymbriifolium fruits. The analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS activities were investigated at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight in mice. Analgesic potential of the extract was evaluated for peripheral activity using acetic acid-induced writhing test in which the extract produced a significant (p < 0.001) inhibition of writhing response in a dose dependant manner. The percentage of clot lysis for the extract was non-significant when compared to the control. The extract displayed scavenging of NO at the lowest IC50 value of 29.43μg/ml. The extract evidenced cytotoxic activity against brine shrimp nauplii and the calculated LC50 values were 32.12, 17.66, 103.75, 49.00 and 97.33μg/ml. The extract showed antidiarrheal activity on castor oil induced diarrhea in mice at dose 200 and 400mg/kg and showed a significant reduction in the no. of stool and total weight of fecal output. The extract did not have any effect on the anxiolytic behavior of mice in the Elevated plus maze test. The extract significantly displayed a dose dependent suppression of locomotor activity and exploratory behavior in mice that was carried out by Hole cross and Hole board test. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and its further investigation.