Role of “1969 International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties” in preventing pollution of high seas through oil spills: A critical analysis

Abstract

“The 1969 International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties”, also known as the "Intervention Convention," is a watershed moment in international maritime law that addresses oil pollution on the high seas. This research provides an overview of the Convention's role in reducing high-sea oil pollution caused by oil spills. The Convention was conceived at a period when there was rising concern about the environmental repercussions of oil spill accidents. It attempted to establish a framework for international cooperation in responding to oil pollution casualties on the high seas when it was adopted in 1969 and entered into force in 1975. While the convention prioritized reaction and intervention techniques, it has a diverse role in reducing high-sea oil pollution. The study explores the Intervention Convention's role in preventing high-sea oil pollution, emphasizing its historical context, objectives, and provisions, emphasizing international cooperation and protecting personnel and equipment. The Intervention Convention, primarily focused on response, lacked comprehensive prevention measures, leading to its overshadowing by the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response, and Co-operation. The Intervention Convention, despite its limitations, significantly influenced international cooperation in addressing high-sea oil pollution, laying the framework for future agreements and contributing to the understanding of maritime law and environmental protection.